For effective functioning, the human body must be provided with energy.
The unit of energy from food is calorie.
For food, energy value is indicated per 100 grams of product (or 100 ml of drinks), and includes information on the amount of the three main components - proteins, fats and carbohydrates - and the total energy value. The content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates is displayed in grams, and calories in kcal and kJ (1 kcal = 4.1868 kJ)
The energy value of fats is 9.29 kcal / g, proteins 4.1 kcal / g, carbohydrates 4.1 kcal / g.
The chemical composition and nutritional value of some common foods (per 100 g):
buckwheat - 325 kcal, protein 10.5 g, fat 2.3 g, carbohydrates 63.6 g;
peas - 304 kcal, proteins 19.3 g, fats 2.2 g, carbohydrates 49.8 g;
butter - 734 kcal, proteins 0.4 g, fats 78.5 g, carbohydrates 0.5 grams
Recommended norms of proteins, fats, carbohydrates are established. So, for example, the daily norm for children from 7 to 10 years is - 78 g of protein, 70 g of fat, 364 g of carbohydrates, for men aged 60 to 74 years - 65 g, 60 g, 300 g, respectively, and so for all other categories.
During nutrition, the body uses energy for various purposes: regulating respiration, pumping blood, etc.
The necessary minimum energy for survival is called an indicator of basal metabolism, which is 1,330 kcal for adult women and 1,680 kcal for adult men.
The most energy-intensive activities (kcal / h):
1.Running stairs - 900;
2. Fast run (16 km / h) - 750;
3. Riding a bicycle (20 km / h) - 540;
4.Fast swimming (2.4 km / h) - 460.
However, the daily norm of the calories necessary for the functioning of the human body depends on the age, gender, height and degree of physical activity, and is calculated according to the Mifflin-San Geor or Harris-Benedict formulas.
The formula for the main Mifflin-San Geor exchange is:
for women, the number of calories = 10 * weight (kg) + 6.25 * height (cm) - 4.92 * age (years) - 161;
for men, calories = 10 * weight (kg) + 6.25 * height (cm) - 4.92 * age (years) +5.
These calculations are adjusted for physical activity factors, in particular for minimum load (sedentary work), the coefficient is 1.2 and others.
For example, for a man of 40 years old, weighing 75 kg, height 180 cm, and lack of physical activity, the daily need for the Mifflin-San Geor formula is 2,016 kilocalories.
For simplicity of further calculations, we choose one product, namely: a hamburger worth 24 UAH., Which contains 253 kilocalories.
In order to maintain the energy balance of the body, a 40-year-old man needs to consume about 8 hamburgers with a total cost of 192 UAH, or a month - 5760 UAH. (192 UAH. * 30 days)
However, for a healthy diet, a person needs different products that are balanced by many factors - the so-called food set, which will allow you to get the recommended norms of kcal, protein, fat and carbohydrates at the minimum cost for the purchase of products.
This is the purpose of the service of constructing the optimal energy balance of a person, namely: the formation of a grocery basket (type of product and its weight), which will ensure energy balance with minimal acquisition costs.
The algorithm for providing services to build the optimal human energy balance from InBridge Consulting:
1. The construction of the optimization equation in order to determine the minimum cost of the food set to maintain energy balance.
The minimum cost of a grocery set = 25 UAH. * PRODUCT # 1 + 44 UAH * Number of PRODUCT # 2 + ... + XX UAH * PRODUCT #N
where 25 UAH - notional value of product # 1
44 UAH - notional value of product # 2
2. The selection of constraints for the optimization equation.
Determining the required number of calories for different categories of people using the Mifflin-San Geor or Harris-Benedict formulas
Compliance with daily requirements for proteins, fats and carbohydrates and other restrictions.
3. Calculation of the optimization equation in order to determine the minimum cost of the food set to maintain the energy balance, taking into account restrictions (Clause 2)
4. Summing up.
The result of the calculation of the optimization equation will be formed a grocery set (list and weight), which will provide a person with maintaining the energy balance of the body at their minimum cost.
Using Results
Large trading companies may recommend to their customers the purchase of a counted food package, which will provide the optimal balance between the energy value of products and their value. This purchase can be recommended in the form of both ready-made kits, and as distribution of advertising materials on the territory of the trading floor with information about the grocery set, which the buyer can assemble on the trading floor himself.
Individuals can use to create a grocery set on their own.
This service is provided by InBridge Consulting, taking into account other features of a healthy diet and with the help of a nutritionist.
The solution of optimization equations InBridge Consulting is carried out by professional mathematical tools.
Nutrition is only effective with InBridge Consulting.